The Stranger by Albert Camus - 585 Words

The Stranger was a fascinating book with a simple plot revolving around an average man. The protagonist and first person narrator was a man by the name of Meursault, a French man with little to no personal feeling about anything. He went about his life like an empty husk, shifting from one place to another. He felt no grief, sadness or even regret after his mother died; he only felt the physical inconvenience of sitting through the funeral and the heat of the sun during the funeral procession to the cemetery. Before and after the funeral, he more or less wandered with no direction. He went to work and performed day to day activities with the same apathetic disregard. He eventually went to a gathering down at the beach where he murdered a man that had been following his friend. He is sent to prison for the murder where he maintains the same detached indifference that he exhibited during the funeral. The lawyers hoped that he would plead self-defense, but he simply related the facts an d nothing more in his own defense. The book did a particularly good job of describing Meursault in a way that gave no real insight into his persona, yet let us know what he was like on an outside appearance. The rest of the characters were described in a manner that showed their personalities beneath the skin, a rather satisfying way of making a side character slightly more important than just being there for the sake of being there. The book also did a wonderful job of opening up theShow MoreRelatedThe Stranger By Albert Camus1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe Stranger â€Å"The Stranger,† written by the Algerian writer Albert Camus, is a novel about Meursault, a character who’s different and even threatening views on life take him to pay the highest price a person can pay: his life. This was Camus’ first novel written in the early 1940’s, in France, and it reflects the authors belief that there is no meaning in life and it is absurd for humans to try to find it places like religion. The main themes of the novel are irrationality of the universe and theRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus1495 Words   |  6 Pages Albert Camus said, â€Å"Basically, at the very bottom of life, which seduces us all, there is only absurdity, and more absurdity. And maybe that s what gives us our joy for living, because the only thing that can defeat absurdity is lucidity.† In other terms, Camus is indicating that absurdity affects us all even if it’s hidden all the way on the bottom, but it’s the joy that comes from absurdity that makes us take risks and live freely without any thought or focus. Camus also specifies that the onlyRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus1411 Words   |  6 PagesThe novel The Stranger, written by Albert Camus, encompasses contemporary philosophies of existentialism and absurdism. Existentialist and absurdist philosophies entail principles regarding that one’s identity is not based on nature or culture, but rather by sole existence. The role of minor characters in The Stranger helps to present Camus’s purpose to convey absurdist and existentialist principles. The characters of Salamano and Marie are utilized in order to contrast the author’s ideas about contemporaryRead MoreThe Stranger by Albert Camus720 Words   |  3 PagesAlbert Camus’ portrayal of the emotional being of the main character in The Stranger is an indirect display of his own personal distress. The use of symbolism and irony presented throughout this novel is comparable with the quest for such that death itself would be nonetheless happy. Camus’ irrational concept is based off the exclusion of any logical reasoning behind the events in the text. Meursault’s first impression given to the reader is that of ignorance and a nonchalant behavior to indifferenceRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus1345 Words   |  6 PagesAbsurdism is a philosophy based on the belief that the universe is irrational and meaningless and that the search for order brings the individual into conflict with the universe. Albert Camus’s novel The Stranger is often termed an absurdist novel because it contains the elements of Camus’s philosophical notion of absurdity. Mersault, the protagonist, is an absurd hero that is emotionally detached and indifferent form society. Neither the external world in which Meursault lives nor the internal worldRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesThe Stranger was written by the French author Albert Camus, and was first published in 1942 in its indigenous French. It’s described as being the most widely-read French novel of the twentieth century, and has sold milli ons of copies in Britain and the United States alone. It’s known by two titles; the other being The Outsider. The backstory to this is very interesting but, more importantly, the subtle difference in meaning between titles suggests certain resultant translative idiosyncrasies whenRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus1628 Words   |  7 PagesAlbert Camus’s novel â€Å"The Stranger† revolves around a young man estranged from society. This man, Monsieur Meursault, lives the majority of his life fulfilling his own physical needs and social obligations, but has little emotional connection to the world around him. Throughout the book Meursault attends his mother’s funeral, begins a serious relationship with his former co-worker Marie, kills a man without motive, goes through trial, and is sentenced for execution. His lack of emotional responseRead MoreThe Stranger by Albert Camus1115 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel, The Stranger, by Albert Camus, the point lessness of life and existence is exposed through the illustration of Camus’s absurdist world view. The novel tells the story of an emotionally detached, amoral young man named Meursault. Meursault shows us how important it is to start thinking and analyzing the events that happen in our lives. He does this by developing the theme of conflicts within society. Albert Camus’s novel The Stranger portrays Meursault, the main character, as a staticRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus1365 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout The Stranger, Albert Camus uses routinesituations to demonstrate how the protagonist, Meursault is not just another ordinary individual. Camus depicts Meursault as an independent being, disinterested in his surroundings, contrasting him with the majority of his peers. Meursault traverses the entire novel, exhibiting little to no emotion. Instead, he displayscharacteristics synonymous to someone suffering from psychopathy. Regardless of the situation, Meursa ult refrainsfrom assigning meaningRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus Essay1844 Words   |  8 Pagesof the novel, The Stranger, written by Albert Camus, multiple debatable topics have risen. Does Meursault have a heart? Is he an existentialist? Why does he seem to not be phased by his mother dying? This novel is definitely on the more controversial side, which is somewhat strange because although it seems like a novel about almost nothing, everything seems to have a much deeper meaning than it puts off. However, one topic that seems to be overlooked is the fact that The Stranger relates highly to

Chapter 7 Youth Gangs - 991 Words

Chapter 7 Youth Gangs Gangs In General The word â€Å"gang† can be defined in many ways however; there is no â€Å"agreed-upon definition† that â€Å"has been developed to apply to gangs† (pg. 201). When I think of the word â€Å"gang† I think of a group of individuals who interact, communicate, simply â€Å"hang out† and/or participate in many activities together. There is not just one type of gang. â€Å"Gangs can be large or small, long term or short term, more or less territorial, more or less criminally involved† (pg. 201) and can be made up of different races/ethnicities. In this paper I will be explaining the different types of gangs in Texas, characteristics of juveniles who may be involved in gangs or gang activity, the reason/factors for their involvement, consequences that they may face, and a conclusion on how we as members of society can help deter today’s youth from gang involvement. Different Type of Gangs In Texas there are different types of gangs that are commonly known. These are: delinquent youth gangs, traditional turf-based gangs, gain-oriented gangs, and violent/hate gangs. All but one (delinquent youth gangs) of these four includes BOTH juvenile and adult members. Delinquent youth gangs include only juveniles, who often have some sort of similarity such as their â€Å"clothing, style, colors, and/or hand signs† (â€Å"Criminal Justice†). Traditional turf-based gangs have a name, a leader or leaders, and also are identified by their â€Å"clothing, style, colors, and/or hand signs† (â€Å"CriminalShow MoreRelated Juvenile Crime and Socio Economic Factors Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pagesinto some one’s house or threatening someone at gun point. In the following paragraphs, a detailed analysis has been made to explore the different avenues through which these socio economic factors contribute to creating the delinquents of today’s youth. Before moving into the details, it is worth mentioning that the following analysis would be based on a set of socio economic indicators that is made up of; family, socio-economic class and factors that also includes community factors, educationalRead MoreThe Criminal Street Gang Activity Essay947 Words   |  4 PagesMany experts differ on the definition of what a â€Å"gang† is. Police use the term to refer to groups that hold and defend territory, or turf. Experts use the term to describe any congregation of youths who have joined together to engage in a delinquent act (Siegel Welsh, 2011). The State of Florida (F.S.S. 874.03) defines a Criminal Street Gang as â€Å"means a formal or informal ongoing organization, association, or group that has as one of its primary activities the commission of criminal or delinquentRead MoreArgument Analysis : Freakonomics 1467 Words   |  6 PagesFreakonomics Argument Analysis: Chapter Three 1. Chapter three, Why Do Drug Dealers Still Live With Their Moms?, expresses an intriguing thought by authors, Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner. The Freakonomics authors follow a courageous man, Sudhir Venkatesh, a student at the University of Chicago, in his effort to understand and research the mysterious drug dealing business. Venkatesh first approached dangerous gangs and dealers in Chicago with a simple survey to learn more aboutRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Outsiders 1106 Words   |  5 Pageschallenged book The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton. Susan Eloise Hinton began writing this book when she was 15 years old and had it completed and published by the time she was 18 years old. The Outsiders was published in 1967 and followed the two rival gangs (The Greasers and the Socs) in the town of Tulsa, Oklahoma. During the 1960’s there were many social changes that divided many and ended in violence (Hinton 2). The publishers chose to publish the book using h er initials to make The Outsiders moreRead MoreWhat Are the Major Issues That Cause Inner City Youth to Join Gangs and Become Delinquent? Discuss Whether the New Labour Government’s Policies Have Been Effective in Solving These Issues?8138 Words   |  33 Pagesmajor issues that cause inner city youth to join gangs and become delinquent? Discuss whether the New Labour Government’s policies have been effective in solving these issues? 2010 Project by: Alice Mutumba Student No: 05038460 CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Summary The perception that gang culture in relation to youth crime is growing in the UK is intensified by the media, it is very rare to read a daily paper these days without coming across some mention of gang related crime. In order to understandRead MoreWhat Are Deviant Behavior?1452 Words   |  6 Pagesdeviance is complex because norms vary considerably across groups, times, and places. In other words, what one group may consider acceptable, another may consider deviant. Some examples of deviant behavior could include: †¢ Dog fighting/animal abuse †¢ Gang mentality †¢ Pedophiles †¢ Window peeping †¢ Stalking Theories for Deviant Behavior Week 2 From week one’s readings, we learned what deviant behavior was and why it is considered deviant. Deviant behavior can be defined as behavior that differs fromRead MoreHell’s Angels: a Picture of Gang’s Delinquency2376 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction The American street gang was always seen as a unique entity despite how it had changed over time, despite the differences of where it is located and even despite the difference in its substructure (Klein 3). This paper would discuss the unique and general nature of an American street gang. It would discuss the motorcycle gang, Hell’s Angels and how they characterized the unique nature of an American gang. It would also consider the dangerous tendencies of juvenile delinquents in fuelingRead MoreDiscuss the Strengths Weaknesses of Anti – Social Behaviour Orders1728 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen in power, it has strived to reduce crime all over the UK. One of the main targets of the Labour Party was the rising number of Anti -Social incidents reported to the police every day. In order to combat this growing phenomenon that is todays Youth Culture, the ASBO was created. The ASBO - or Anti Social Behaviour Order, to quote its official name - is a civil order made against a p erson who has been shown to have participated or initiated in anti social behaviour. This is defined as conductRead MorePrison Gangs3155 Words   |  13 PagesPrison Gangs Prison Gangs According to (Wikipedia) a prison gang is a term used to identify any type of gang activity in prisons and correctional facilities. The difference between prison gangs and street gangs has become unclear because gang members are in and out of the prison system according to the (Street Gangs and Interventions: Innovative Problem Solving with Network Analysis, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2005). Prison gangs offer more than just simple protection forRead MoreEffects Of World War II On America Essay958 Words   |  4 PagesGerman forces to invade Poland. The American president was reluctant on entering the war because he was building allies in the western hemisphere and was focused on making life better on the home front. Tragedy struck America on the morning of December 7, 1941 when the Japanese conducted a surprise aerial attack against the United States naval base at pearl harbor. The lethal and deadly force of the attack spurred President Franklin Delano Roosevel t to realize it was time to enter the war. As American

Agriculture Industry Overview Free Essays

Industry Overview From the birth of the nation, farming has played a crucial role in the U. S. economy. We will write a custom essay sample on Agriculture Industry Overview or any similar topic only for you Order Now Initially European agricultural practices were adopted while settlers from the area began to populate the Americas. Agriculture in Colonial America was important to society because it was the primary livelihood for 90% of the population, and most of the farms were specifically used to create food for family use. As settlers moved west, they took advantage of the cooler climate to grow wheat, leading to the â€Å"wheat frontier. † In the south, cotton and tobacco served as the regions cash crop. Industrialization and urbanization soon changed the agricultural industry into a lucrative market. The lucrative agricultural market has attracted over twenty two million American workers to produce, process, sell and trade the nation’s food and fiber. Currently there are only 4. 6 million people who actually live on a farm. These farmers earn a fourth of the food profit, while the remaining profit is used for costs beyond the farm gate: wages and materials for production, processing, marketing, transportation and distribution. Forty-two percent of America’s total land area is still actively used as farmland, which mainly yields soybeans, wheat, and corn. Livestock is also raised on the land and primarily includes dairy/beef cattle, swine, poultry, and sheep. Customer preferences regarding agriculture have also affected the industry. Today’s customers are more health conscious. Consumers now prefer the limited use of pesticides, hormones, and other chemicals. Family farms are able to produce the preferred organic products, but for an increased price. Although consumers prefer the family farm because it fits their vision for good food, the corporate farms must exist in order to provide for the growing population. Even though corporate farms are allowed to use chemicals, they must use the crop protectants effectively and safely, in amounts that are no more than what is necessary to combat pests and diseases. Governance of the agricultural industry is both and federal and local responsibility. The U. S. Farm Bill is the primary agricultural and food policy tool of the federal government. United States Department of Agriculture reviews the comprehensive omnibus bill almost every five years and then passes necessary amendments through congress. The laws and government support are very different for the agricultural industry compared to other industries. For example, the U. S. provides aid for agriculture including research into crop types and regional suitability as well as many kinds of subsidies, some price supports and loan programs. Also farmers are not subject to production quotas. Lastly workplace laws regarding child labor and immigrant labor are exceedingly lax in the agricultural industry. Exemptions are made for children working on their family farm, and immigrants can more easily acquire agricultural work permits. Economic conditions for the past several years have been poor. Even though other industries are suffering, the agricultural industry is thriving. The dollar depreciation actually allowed for cheaper prices for foreign countries, and therefore caused exports to increase. The growing population and limited land in Asia has also caused an increased number of exports from the U. S. agricultural industry. Russia recently experienced unusually high temperatures that caused a drought and killed a majority of the crops. The U. S. will be able to use this event to their advantage to once again increase exports. In order to take advantage of opportunities within the industry, farms can expect to increase the agricultural output in order to make a larger profit. How to cite Agriculture Industry Overview, Papers

Henry Rollins Essay Example For Students

Henry Rollins Essay Typically, when we hear the term Renaissance Man, we picture a person who lived several centuries ago, one you would learn about in history books. Some may not realize that there are Renaissance men and women living today. They are people who are involved in several areas of the arts and are always in search of knowledge and understanding of the world around them. One such man is Henry Rollins. Henry Rollins first entered the music scene in 1981 when he was asked to be lead singer for the band Black Flag. The band had already developed a large audience through touring, and with several previous singers, they had become a favorite in the underground music scene. Having been a big fan himself, Rollins immediately took the job. After releasing several albums and performing a countless number of live concerts, Black Flag parted ways in late 1986. Besides music, Rollins only other real passion is writing. His poetry, short stories, diary entries and essays attack fascism, ignorance and injustice while exploring human thought and behavior. Publishers Weekly described his work as existing at the frayed edges where reality ends and imagination begins. He has over a dozen books in print, some of which include, Get in the Van: On the road with Black Flag, Black Coffee Blues, Solipsist and Art to Choke Hearts. He also runs his own publishing company, 2. 13. 61 Publications, which puts out his and several other authors work. Rollins has appeared in such major motion pictures as The Chase, Heat, and Lost Highway. He is also a renowned spoken word performer, having sold out shows at colleges and halls worldwide. He has released several recordings of his speaking shows, as well as many albums of his current Rollins Band. Henry Rollins is an extremely intelligent and talented person. He doesnt hesitate to question and challenge our societys attitude and way of thinking. The way that he applies this to his music, writing and speaking, to me, makes him a perfect example of a modern day Renaissance Man.

Museum Essays - Gilded Age, John Singer Sargent,

Museum MUSEUM TRIP When this project was brought to my attention at the beginning of the semester I didn't know what to expect. I didn't know much about the history of art or any of the specific terms that are used in the art world. I have been to museums in the past but that was when I was in elementary school and they didn't teach us any of the specific terms that they used in the art world. On the handout that you gave the class you wrote questions that you though would be helpful for us to answer to succeed on this paper. The museum that I decided to go to was the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C. In the following paper I will discuss what the museum looked like, the tour that I went on. What I thought of the tour, the pieces of art in the tour. How I felt while I was in the museum and the discovery that I found out about myself about the type of art that catches my attention. When I arrived at the National Gallery of Art, the outside structure of the building took my breath away. From outside looking at the museum its size just astonished me. The big tall granite columns and the granite steps reminded me of ancient Greek architecture. Once I made it up the marble staircase I finally arrived inside the museum. When I got inside the museum I had entered from the back and I had to walk to the information desk. On my way to the information desk I look around the museum to se if anything on that floor caught my eye. The statue in the middle of the museum caught my I because it was a beautiful fountain and the sound of the water coming out of the statue made me think that it was beautiful. After looking at the fountain I made my way to the information desk to get a map and a list of the tours that were going on that day. I looked over the list and decided to go on the John Singer Sargent tour. When I arrived at the National Gallery of Art there where a lot of different tours that I could have went on. I decided that I wanted to go on the John Singer Sargent Tour because I had read about him and some of his works while doing my clipping collection. I also wanted to see some of his work because they were pictured in the Baltimore Sun. The paintings that were in the Baltimore Sun that I actually got to see up close was the Madame X and Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose. These two paintings in the sun were just black and white photos but in the museum their beauty was unbelievable and also there size was impressive. I had to wait in line for about 40 minutes before the tour started and it lasted about an hour I'd say. The first painting that you see when you are on the tour is the Madame X. Madame X is probably the painting that Sargent is most famous for. In the painting Madame Gautreau stance and provocative dress were thought to be eccentric and astonishing. Madame Gautreau mothe r wanted Sargent to take out of his show because she thought that the painting was to provocative. The other painting that was in the Baltimore Sun that I saw was Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose. This painting was Sargents masterpiece, during the period of art know as impressionism. He captured the effect of twilight with the artificial light of candle lanterns as the light reflected off the faces of the two children in this painting. There were more paintings that were on this tour but the one's I talked about were the ones that I was most interested in. Some of the other pieces of art that were on display were Fumee d'ambre gris (1880), Sortie de l'egilse(1882), The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit(1882), Enna and Betty, Daughters of Asher and Mrs. Wertheimer(1901), Lord Ribblesdale(1902), On the Grand Canal(1907), Palmettos(1917), Two Girls in White Dresses(1909-1911)and Nonchaloir(1911). Overall I thought that the tour was very informative and

Introduction to the Human Genome Project

Introduction to the Human Genome Project The set of nucleic acid sequences or genes that form the DNA of an organism is its genome. Essentially, a genome is a molecular blueprint for constructing an organism. The human genome is the genetic code in the DNA of the 23 chromosome pairs of Homo sapiens, plus the DNA found within human mitochondria. Egg and sperm cells contain 23 chromosomes (haploid genome) consisting of around three billion DNA base pairs. Somatic cells (e.g., brain, liver, heart) have 23 chromosome pairs (diploid genome) and around six billion base pairs. About 0.1 percent of the base pairs differ from one person to the next. The human genome is about 96 percent similar to that of a chimpanzee, the species that is the nearest genetic relative. The international scientific research community sought to construct a map of the sequence of the nucleotide base pairs that make up human DNA. The United States government started planning the Human Genome Project or HGP in 1984 with a goal to sequence the three billion nucleotides of the haploid genome. A small number of anonymous volunteers  supplied the DNA for the project, so the completed human genome was a mosaic of human DNA and not the genetic sequence of any one person. Human Genome Project History and Timeline While the planning stage started into 1984, the HGP didnt officially launch until 1990. At the time, scientists estimated it would take 15 years to complete the map, but advances in technology led to completion in April of 2003 rather than in 2005. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) provided most of the $3 billion in public funding ($2.7 billion total, due to early completion). Geneticists from all over the world were invited to participate in the Project. In addition to the United States, the international consortium included institutes and universities from the United Kingdom, France, Australia, China, and Germany. Scientists from many other countries also participated. How Gene Sequencing Works To make a map of the human genome, scientists needed to determine the order of the base pair on the DNA of all 23 chromosomes (really, 24, if you consider the sex chromosomes X and Y are different). Each chromosome contained from 50 million to 300 million base pairs, but because the base pairs on a DNA double helix are complementary (i.e., adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine), knowing the composition of one strand of the DNA helix automatically provided information about the complementary strand. In other words, the nature of the molecule simplified the task. While multiple methods were used to determine the code, the main technique employed BAC. BAC stands for bacterial artificial chromosome. To use BAC, human DNA was broken into fragments between 150,000 and 200,000 base pairs in length. The fragments were inserted into bacterial DNA so that when the bacteria reproduced, the human DNA also replicated. This cloning process provided enough DNA to make samples for sequencing. To cover the 3 billion base pairs of the human genome, about 20,000 different BAC clones were made. The BAC clones made what is called a BAC library that contained all the genetic information for a human, but it was like a library in chaos, with no way to tell the order of the books. To fix this, each BAC clone was mapped back to human DNA to find its position in relation to other clones. Next, the BAC clones were cut into smaller fragments about 20,000 base pairs in length for sequencing. These subclones were loaded into a machine called a sequencer. The sequencer prepared 500 to 800 base pairs, which a computer assembled into the correct order to match the BAC clone. As the base pairs were determined, they were made available to the public  online and free to access. Eventually all the pieces of the puzzle were complete and arranged to form a complete genome. Goals of the Human Genome Project The primary goal of the Human Genome Project was to sequence the 3 billion base pairs that make up human DNA. From the sequence, the 20,000 to 25,000 estimated human genes could be identified. However, the genomes of other scientifically significant species were also sequenced as part of the Project, including the genomes of the fruit fly, mouse, yeast, and roundworm. The Project developed new tools and technology for genetic manipulation and sequencing. Public access to the genome assured the entire planet could access the information to spur new discoveries. Why the Human Genome Project Was Important The Human Genome Project formed the first blueprint for a person and  remains the largest collaborative biology project that humanity ever completed. Because the Project sequenced genomes of multiple organisms, scientist could compare them to uncover the functions of genes and to identify which genes are necessary for life. Scientists took the information and techniques from the Project and used them to identify disease genes, devise tests for genetic diseases, and repair damaged genes to prevent problems before they occur. The information is used to predict how a patient will respond to a treatment based on a genetic profile. While the first map took years to complete, advances have led to faster sequencing, allowing scientists to study genetic variation in populations and more quickly determine what specific genes do. The Project also included the development of an Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) program. ELSI became the largest bioethics program in the world and serves as a model for programs that deal with new technologies.

Statement of Research Gaps Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Statement of Research Gaps - Essay Example Researchers sought to advise legislators but other scholars argued that the effort to redirect the leaders were futile as legislators ignored results that they attained. Researchers have conducted more over the years to determine its successes, if any and its failures. Some have even gone further to give possible recommendations for making the Act better so that it can avail students with adequate education for which it was to avail in the first place. However, further research is needed in some specific areas as some of the issues do not have enough insight whereas others leave readers with unanswered questions. NCLB does not support public schools only. The statute also supports independent charter schools in their growth through funding some children programs in privately owned schools as well as protecting home schooling parents. However, no studies analyze the effects of the Act on the performance of children in privately owned schools or the home schooled children. This is one gap in the studies conducted on the No Child Left Behind Act. All the researchers have for sometime have sought answers regarding how the Act can be improved or restructured. However, no researcher has conducted a study to find the cause of the problems at the ground. This is because researches so far conducted for sometime not contend the curriculum has dwindled to the extent of cheating turning to be extremely extensive besides help granted to schools being minimal. Simply restructuring the Act cannot solve all this, which is another gap characterizing NCLB. Most studies proved NCLB renders some beneficial elements for improving its worthiness in terms of learning in schools. A notable benefit embrace both teachers as well as administrators can adequately appraise critical gaps in performance amid groups of students. However, it was evident that researchers have conducted studies on children from different economic backgrounds and