Design Project Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Design Project Report - Essay Example IS INTERESTING TO SEE HOW PEOPLE WHO DEFY NORMS, THE NONCONFORMISTS, CHALLENGE POPULAR NOTIONS AND THRIVE IN A WORLD OF FREEDOM, BREAKING THE SHACKLES OF SOCIAL MANDATES. THIS RESEARCH PAPER DISCUSSES THE IMPORTANCE OF IDENTITY THAT REFLECTS IN SUBCULTURES OF 20TH CENTURY.IT IS INTERESTING TO SEE HOW PEOPLE WEAR UNIFORMS DIFFERENTLY WITH PERSONAL CHARACTERISTS ENGRAINED INTO IT. THIS SERVES AS AN EXAMPLE OF ANTI CONFORMITY, THE DESIRE TO EXPRESS ONE’S SELF AND MAKE A STATEMENT. Humans, being touted as civilized social animals, have to conform to various norms that the society imposes upon them and find themselves â€Å"just going along† (Epley & Gilovich 1999:588). These norms originate from culture, traditions, judicial systems and a host of other regulations that dictate the existence of human beings in a so called civilized society. Thus, they become forced to conform to the notions of what is civilized, to secure their safe haven within the society and to be recognized as respectable citizens. However, beneath this faà §ade a primeval animal lurks with its natural instincts suppressed and doused for fear of being outcast or alienated from the society. Conformity can be perceived as an attitude that compels humans to comply with the societal norms in vogue and modulating their behaviour to â€Å"match the responses of others† (Cialdini & Goldstein 2004:606). Thus, due to risks of being ostracized from their social cocoon, people normally comply with the dictates that society imposes on them. Human tendency or pressure to conform occurs even from the early stages of their community life, which is school. Therefore, they feel a â€Å"vital need to conform to peer pressure† to attain a sense of ‘belonging’ to a specific group (Younger et al 2005:18). While this trait can be good in the context of life of an individual within the society, from the point of view of artistic expressions, conformity can be a major limiting factor to one’s creative talent. It is

Duties and Responsibilities Essay Example for Free

Duties and Responsibilities Essay The main purpose of a master scheduler should be to arrange the staff, students and resources of the school in order to come up with a schedule that optimizes learning in the institution. She/He is tasked to assure that the operation of the institution runs smoothly and efficiently. This paper discusses the duties and responsibilities of a master scheduler, as well as activities that he/she should be implementing. The main duty of a Master Scheduler is to initiate and spearhead the planning, development and maintenance of the Master Schedule. The Master Schedule is expected to support the objectives and the existing curricula of the school. A few signs of a good Master Schedule are as follows: 1) ample time is allotted for the teachers and the students to attain their objectives and expectations, and 2) teachers are able to focus on their area of expertise for more efficiency. This Master Schedule should be finalized and approved before fall of 2009. Since this is the main activity of a Master Scheduler, all 150 hours should be spent on this activity. In the development of a schedule, the Master Scheduler should first do an inspection of the resources of the school. Some of the factors that should be considered when doing the Master Schedule are the approved curriculum, population of the enrollees, availability of teachers, expertise of teachers, number of available classrooms, size of the school cafeteria and number of cafeteria employees and transportation schedules to and from school. These factors will dictate what the schedule should be in order to optimize learning in school given the limited resources. Recording and note-taking should be done. This should be implemented during the first 24 hours on the job or an equivalent of 3 days. Upon receipt of the records of the available teachers, the necessary coordination with the teachers and administrators should be done to come up with an initial Master Schedule. The Master Scheduler can opt to discuss the schedule one-by-one with each teacher, if not too pressured with time. This should take about 40 hours on the job. After an initial Master Schedule has been drafted, this should be discussed with all the teachers and administration staffs. A general meeting of about 4 hours or half a day should be initiated by the Master Scheduler for the purpose of clarifying any conflict, questions and concerns that the teachers and administration staffs should have. Analysis of the final schedule should be done alone by the Master Scheduler. He/She should be able to make sure that the schedule has been optimized given the limited resources of the institution. Problems which are foreseen to happen should be eliminated and alternative plans should be laid out. The analysis should be done in 40 hours or equivalent of 1-week work. After finalization of the Master Schedule, this should be submitted to the school superintendent for approval. Meetings should be set in order to discuss the Master Schedule with the school’s higher management. Questions and concerns should be clarified during this stage. Discussion with higher management should take about 16 hours on the job or an equivalent of 2 days. Prior to the enrollment, a proper monitoring system should be set up in order to examine the workability and feasibility of the Master Schedule. Set-up of the monitoring system should take about 16 hours or 2 days of work. And during enrollment, the monitoring system should be used to observe any problems and deviations from the Master Schedule. If problems and deviations occur, the Master Scheduler should be able to coordinate this with the necessary parties and decide promptly on it. Upon enrollment, the Master Scheduler should spearhead and manage the encoding of the student records, schedules, registration, registration changes and late registration. This stage also involves encoding of the teachers’ schedules. Management of the encoding and monitoring of the Master Schedule should be done during the enrollment period which is about a week or 40-day work.

In The Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay

In The Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay The hospitality industry is one of the main industries in this world and this is the relationship between guest and host. Hospitality also involves showing respect for their guest, treat them equal and providing what they need when they are in the hotel or requesting on a thing such as need a tourist to bring go around the town, need transportation and other. The hospitality industry basically provides lodging or accommodation to people who travel and needs shelter for the day. Today, the hospitality industry is providing more choices for its consumers all around the world from hotels, resorts, inns, hostels and many more. Hospitality industry is one of the industries that provide service so it is basically focused on customer satisfaction because customer who is the main major to pay us. In different kind of hotel will get a different type of service because it is depend on how the hotel functioning. If the hotel has a good experience to the customer this will affect customer loyalt y and customer will come again. In addition to that, it also will increase the successful of the company in hospitality industry. Other that this, hotel industry also will provide facility for customer. Most of the business customers are need a bed and food, this are enough for them but some of the customer are request for using our facility. We can introduce our facility to the customer or maybe we can discount for them to encourage them have a try. Therefore, hotel will have a good experience for the customer and also can gain more profit. 2.0 Answer Question 2 In hospitality industry, there have 5 type of service characteristic. There are intangible, perishable, inseparable, simultaneous and variable. Without this 5 type of service characteristic, hotel might not be able to function well. 2.1 Intangible service Intangible which means is cannot be seen or touched but we can feel it. Communication is the thing that we can feel. We can feel the employee either welcoming us or not by communicate with us. The communication between the employees and guest is important it is because the guest can feel the employees are helping by willing or just simply answer the question. Some of the employees are not using a friendly communication and communicate with us while we asking question or request a thing from them. Not only for customer but for employees also, we need to friendly to communication with them and can cooperate well to process the hotel. Other than communication, smile also is a thing that we can feel by giving of them. For example, like in a restaurant the politeness of an employees giving a smile to the guest is means welcoming and willing to serve them, by this way the guest can feel satisfied but this cant be see and touched. 2.1 Perishable service Perishable which means is wont be last longer and wont experience the same experience. In many things, we will have the first try and if the thing is not good we wont try anymore. Same as we in the hotel, if the hotels we stay are not satisfaction we just will try once and next time we will know which type hotel we should choose and will do a proper research about hotel that we stay to made sure it wont be same as last time. Other than this, if we late to check in and without paying deposit or have any inform to the hotel they have right to cancel reserved the room for guest and the guest need to re-book the room if the hotel have room still available. Moreover, for transportation they also will have the same experience. For bus or airplane, they wont wait for late passenger. If they are late they need to buy or book a ticket for next time and journey of them also will be delay. For next time, they will know be punctual and reach the bus stop or airport in time to avoid they missed a gain. 2.2 Inseparable service Inseparable which means service and customer and service provider cant be separated. Guest is the main major no matter in which area. It sure will have its own supplier to provide the thing. Supplier is important to hospitality because of they need a big amount of quantity of food and drink. They sure will have different type of supplier to supply the food and drink to make sure they have enough supply for guest because hotel is the places that always have many guest and employees walk in and out. Other than need to supply food for hotel, they also need other supplier to supply their basic needed such as toothpaste, shampoo and other. Furthermore, service provider is indispensable for service delivery as he must promptly generate and render the service to the requesting service consumer because customer pay and get a service from them. In addition, the service consumer is inseparable from service delivery because he is involved in it from requesting it up to consuming the rendered be nefits. 2.3 Simultaneous service Simultaneous which means service have to be delivered at the same time as the customer consumed. It is not goods which may be the manufactured, wholesaler, or kept to distributions. For example in a restaurant, the service provider which means the waiter or waitress are doing the service at the same time when the customer request (delivery) something or ordering food then the service provider delivered the service immediately at the same time. For instance, if the customer wants to bil, the service provider have to bring the bill for the customer. 2.4 Variable service Variable of service offered and can be in many forms during the interaction or the process. Services are highly variable, as they depend on the service provider, and where and when they are provided. Service marketers face a problem in standardizing their service, as it varies with experienced hand, customer, time and firm. Service buyers are aware of this variability. So, the service firms should make an effort to deliver high and consistent quality in their service. For example, if one day eating in a restaurant, the food and service was very good but the next day the services become bad. 3.0 Conclusion In conclusion, Those 5 characteristics cannot separate with guest and also supplier. Because they are the main major for us and they also needed the basic thing in daily life. Especially is intangible because it was included communication between employee and guest. Communication is important because in hospitality industry, we will always faced customer to talk and explain the thing that they asking. In addition to that, this also is the first impression to guest when guest entering hotel. Besides that, perishable service and simultaneity service in hospitality industry, if the lodging property we stay first time and the service is good but the next time the service has becomes bad which means the first experience we cannot experience again. Therefore, in hospitality industry the service has to be constant and maintain. Not only that, inseparable service and variability service in hospitality industry is that the services provided cannot be separated. Lastly, the variability service is to standardize and to constant the service that in a lodging property. Therefore, this five characteristic have to be concerned and followed in any service line industry especially hospitality industry. 1.0 Introduction Question 2 In hospitality industry, there are many types of lodging in this industry such as hotel, resorts, inn and others. Hotels are divided to two types one is leisure hotel and one is commercial. For resort and inn are mostly are by the seaside but resort have more facilities and amenities while inn dont have so much service. To manage this kind of lodging property is not an easy task as you may seem, it has a lot of hard work to be done and skills to be experience. An hotelier should have full of hotel operation skills so they are able to manage the hotel no matter small hotel or large hotel. The responsible of an hotelier, should be take over and manager the hotel well. Hotelier also should always prepare be settle the problem that emergency that happen inside the hotel and also have the knowledge to settle the problem even also is customer problem. Besides that, internal of an organization, hoteliers also have to be able to manage the internal problem such as the employees issues. If th e hotelier dont not able to handle well the issues between employees but also with the person in charge of the team there will be a lot of problem and they cannot to be co-operate well and the hotel also cannot be process well. Other than that, in a hotel should have a system so that hotelier can do their job more easily such as planning the work. They can know each department how they processing their job and wont have argument when have problem happened. 2.0 Answer Question 2 To be prepared be an hotelier, there have many thing hotelier need to know and handle. Such as the hotel will need how many employees to work, how the hotel system going on, is the hotel gain profit and so on. Other than this, in hospitality service employees is important for the hotel because without them hotel might cannot run smoothly. Therefore, an hotelier should have some skills to handle the problem that relation with hotel such as patience, management experience, responsibility, communication skills and knowledge of other than hotel management. Below have the explanation of the skills that I have mentioned. 2.1 Patience As an hotelier, patience is very important. It is because as an hotelier will faced a lot of different type of guest. Some of the guest will keep asking many questions about the hotel and they must answer the question. Every day have different guest asking the questions about the hotel but is the same people to answer the guest. After day by day, some of them might feel impatience and boring to answer the question. Other than this, some of the guest will make a complaint about the room, not satisfied with the service, and other as an hotelier they need to have a lot of patience explain with their guest to let them feel satisfied especially the VIP of the hotel. Sometime, they also need patience to introduce and explain the food and facility that hotel have been provided. Patience is important because it will let guest feel welcome and friendly. In addition to that, when have some difficult issues happened the hotelier must have patience to overcome the issues because solving a proble m or issues have to take some time overcome the issues. 2.2 Management Experience In hospitality, management experience is important. It is because in every department there will have different way to process their job and doing their job. Other than this, they also need to follow the step and rules to do it. Every hotel will have different management to run the process of the hotel smoothly. To make sure the internal management runs smoothly the hotelier should have a system to follow. Furthermore, these kinds of experience gain from bottom of the department to top of the department. So that, the hotelier has to walk every step to have the experience run the hotel. It is because every department has different system and hotelier must clearly know how the departments run and wont be confused with their job. Other than that, if the hotelier has this kind of experience they can no need waste time on training and they also can save up the time to learn more new thing. Moreover, if the hotel has any emergency problem happened, an hotelier can handle the situation well because they handle the problem before on the previous time. Hotelier has experience they can manage their staff well and wouldnt boycott by other employees so that they can be cooperating well to operate the hotel run smoothly. 2.3 Responsibility Other than the two skills, responsibility also is an important thing in hospitality industry. It is because in the service line, the main major is our guest and is the one who paying us to get a satisfied service. If the hotelier doesnt responsible on what their in charge it may causes many complaints from guest and also can causes low profit. Because of the hotelier irresponsible, they may ignore the complaint from guest and wont take action to those employees who are irresponsible to the guest. Besides that, when hotel hiring an employees to work the first thing they will curious about responsible of the people. In addition, in the hotel there have many departments. In every department, there have different position, responsibility and duties. Every hotelier should clearly know what the responsibility of their duties because they able to cope with others employees. Furthermore, besides giving a responsibility in internal management, hotel surrounding also have to be care and respon sible such as the workplace and the guest place. Inside the hotel, not only have adult walking around but also have eldest people and children. We must be responsible on their safety because they are in our hotel area compound. 2.4 Knowledgeable Without knowledgeable there will be a difficult task to the hotelier. It is because of many things the hoteliers are not understood and they cannot answer and overcome the problem well of the customer but also the problem of the hotel. Knowledge is one of the important skills that you have learn, gain and experience in every perceptions such as while you studying, working in an organizations, or working in a service line industry like hotel. Knowledge allows us to be better, and to be more understanding on a general thing. Keep open mind and accept what people say to you, then you will realize the answer that you have never realize before and also will know where the problem is. To be an hotelier, knowledge is what should not left because, working in a hotel line every perceptions are gain from experience which means the daily work you doing in the hotel such as serving customer there would be a knowledge that how to serve the customer right or some tourist will also get some informa tion about the place you work or what is the special food in the town. The more knowledge we have the more advance we can become. In the past, a lot of people say that education is the most important thing in life because when you have graduate you may get a better job but nowadays the reality needs is knowledge to discover new things or have know about some general thing but not only the subject you study. 2.5 Communication skills In hospitality industry, communication skills are the most important. It is because hotelier needs to communicate with guest. All of the guest in the hotel sure will communicate with hotelier because they need get an assist from them. No matter how high level you study, have a good communication skills it will help you explore clearly the answer that you means to the listener. As an hotelier, they need to communicate with other employees and have a good communication skill employees can more easily to understand and wont mix up the meaning. Other than this, have a good communication skills will made sure us have a good relationship with other employees and also guest. In addition to that, hotelier will win more cooperation with other employees and also will increase successful in the hospitality industry. If they are not understood the message that the hotelier pass to they might mistaken and misunderstanding and will do wrong thing in the processing. This may causes them cannot have teamwork to work together because of argument of the problem. Have a good communication they will have good self-esteem. It is because of the hotelier are always confident on what they say and what they say is always the thing that needed by the people. Furthermore, as an hotelier they also need to promote the package, facility and other to the guest for gain profit. Hotelier will use the good communication skills to attract the guest to have a try in the hotel. If the hotelier keep promote the thing to them, guest will have a good impression with the thing that the hotelier has promoted and maybe the guest will have a try. Other than that, guest also can clearly know what the service the hotel has provided. Hotelier has good communication skills they can have a peaceful environment working places. 3.0 Conclusion In conclusion, to be an hotelier they should always well prepared. They should have patience, management experience, responsibility, knowledge of hotel management and communication skills. Other than this, they need to well prepare themselves and patience to overcome the customer problem and internal management issues. Hotelier should use themselves management experience or other employees opinion to process the hotel well. In addition, hotelier also should be responsible on their guest safety because they are inside the area of the hotel. Knowledge is one of the important things to gain and learn when they first work in hotel. Knowledge is what allows hotelier to advance themselves and to operate in a hotel. The communication skill is useful for hotelier. It is because they can use the skills to handle the internal issues well and have a peaceful environment.

Moral Judgements :: essays research papers

Moral Judgements Jakob Bronowski’s book, â€Å"Science and Human Values† argues that the scientific method of inquiry into reality provides a generally applicable foundation for moral judgement. Bronowski says, â€Å"in order to keep the study in a manageable field. I will continue to choose a society in which the principle of truth rules. Therefore the society which I will examine is that formed by scientists themselves: it is the body of scientists† (Bronowski 58). Bronowski makes it clear in his book that he is going to base his study on scientists. There are five steps in the scientific method of inquiry into reality. The first one being Observation, the second is Hypothesis, the third is Experiments, the fourth is Theory, and the fifth being Publishing. In the book’s second chapter, â€Å"The Habit of Truth†, Bronowski explains how people observe or recognize things. â€Å"The scientist or artist takes two facts or experiences which are separate; he finds in them a likeness which had not been seen before; and he creates a unity by showing the likeness† (Bronowski 27). The method of observation requires the scientist to find the similarity in both objects and make a generalization out of it. The example Bronowski uses of, is a coin. A person first sees the head of the penny and then the tail, and he then concludes that both parts are from the same coin. Bronowski says, â€Å"†¦we know the thing only by mapping and joining our experiences of its aspects† (Bronowski 31). The second step will be making a hypothesis or an educated guess of what is going to happen. The example Bronowski uses is of this little girl who knew a doctor who wore a hearing aid, thus every time she met a person with a hearing aid, she automatically assumed that the person is a doctor. The generalization that the little girl made was of course mistaken (Bronowski 37). The third step is the test to see if the hypothesis is correct. Bronowski says, â€Å"the place of experience is to test and correct the concept. The test is, â€Å"Will the concept work? Does it give an unforced unity to the experience of men? Does the concept make life orderly, not by edict but in fact?†Ã¢â‚¬  (Bronowski 41). This test makes sure that the results will turn out similar every time according to the conditions of the experiment. The forth step is to compose a theory.

He Written Articles Essay

Loud speech. Bravado, boasting. Overly animated or entertaining. Boisterous. Overly friendly to other guests and employees. Drinking alone. Drinking too fast. Ordering doubles. Careless with money. Urging other people to have another drink. Annoying other guests and servers. Complaining about drink prices. Complaining about drink strength or preparation. Argumentative. Aggressive or belligerent. Obnoxious or mean. Making inappropriate comments about others. Crude behavior. Inappropriate sexual advances. Foul language. Making irrational statements. Depressed or sullen. Crying or moody. Radical changes in behavior. Speaking loudly, then quietly. Drowsy. Bloodshot, glassy eyes. Slurred speech. Difficulty remembering. Slow response to questions. Spilling drinks. Rambling conversation, loss of train of thought. Trouble making change. Difficulty handling money, picking up change. Lack of focus and eye contact. Difficulty lighting a cigarette. Lighting more than one cigarette at a time. Letting a cigarette burn without smoking. Clumsy, uncoordinated. Difficulty standing up. Unusual gait. Stumbling. Bumping into things. Swaying, staggering. Unable to sit straight in chair or on bar stool. Can’t find mouth with glass. Falling down. Mussed hair. Disheveled clothing. Falling asleep. Remember, just because a person exhibits one, or even several, of these signs it does not necessarily mean that the person is intoxicated. A sober person may exhibit some of these signs as well– which makes determining intoxication even more difficult. However, if a person who is drinking alcohol shows a combination of several of these signs and/or exhibits significant change(s) in behavior, the likelihood of that person being intoxicated is increased. Ultimately, you must use your own judgment to decide whether or not a person is intoxicated. These signs are intended to help you make an informed judgment, and then articulate your decision.

Something Wickid this way comes essays

Something Wickid this way comes essays I use processes that are most common among my peers to select my books. I usually have one of my parental units, usually my mom, to go out and look for books. This is the way it happens because up until now I had no mode of transportation. I have faith in my mother to make a good choice; she usually does, for she knows most of my likes and most of my dislikes. This is how its been for a long time, but at least she can pick some pretty interesting books. Three unfamiliar words/unfamiliar usages Alighieri meaning hell or some hellish place Ironmongery heavily tooled, worked, and strangely shaped iron Drolls cliffs and mountebanks The seller of the lightning rods arrived just ahead of the storm in a green town in Illinois, in late October. The lightning rod salesman calls to the boys and asks if their folks are home, they say no. He asks if they have any money, the boys shook their heads. He then asks them their names. William Halloway and Jim Nightshade the boys reply. The boys begin to tell their story on how they were born only minutes apart around Halloween. The lightning rod salesman decides to give the boys a rod for free because, he feels a storm is coming and its going to hit Jims house. The contraption was covered in ancient dialects, the language of the storms. He goes on about the storm that is going to hit. Its going to be no ordinary storm, the lightning rod salesman says. He says his name is Tom Furry and for the boys to hammer it high on the roof. Tom totes his bag of contraptions and walks on as the boys nail the rod up. The boys head down to the library for their weekly run. They get to the library and Jim heard some strange music off in the distance. Wills dad meets the boys there; he works as a janitor and is quite old. The boys looked at some dinosaur books, they all discuss the books that they have picked...

Profile of Carlos the Jackal

Profile of Carlos the Jackal Named Ilich as a paeon to Lenin (whose full name was Vladimir Ilyich Lenin) by his Marxist father, Ramirez was later known as Carlos the Jackal. His nickname came in part from the novel, The Day of the Jackal, a thriller once found by authorities among his belongings. Background Born in 1949 in Caracas, Venezuela, where he was raised. He was also schooled in England and attended university in Moscow. After his expulsion from the university in 1970, he joined the Palestinian Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), a pan-Arab leftist group then based in Amman, Jordan. Claim to Notoriety Ramirez most famous terrorist move was the takeover of OPEC headquarters in Vienna at a 1975 Conference, where he also took 11 members hostage. The hostages were eventually transported to Algiers and freed. Although later debunked, assumptions that Ramirez had a hand in killing two of the Israeli athletes taken hostage at the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich added to his reputation as a ruthless and effective terrorist. Indeed, many of Ramirez feats had murky origins and unclear goals and sponsors- which also gave the self-proclaimed terrorist a mysterious glamour. A 1994 review of David Yallops Tracking the Jackal: The Search for Carlos, the Worlds Most Wanted Man suggests that the OPEC kidnappings may have been sponsored by Saddam Hussein, rather than by the PFLP, as has been suggested, or by Libyan leader Muammar Al Qaddafi: Although it has long been thought that the armed attack on a Vienna meeting of the oil cartel and the kidnapping of 11 of the oil ministers were conceived and paid for by Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi, the book makes a persuasive case that behind it was actually Saddam Hussein, seeking an increase in the price of oil to finance his impending war with Iran. Mr. Hussein intended Carlos to use the kidnapping as a pretext to assassinate the Saudi opponents of a price rise, Mr. Yallop says, but the unreliable Carlos sold out his employer, as he so often did, and instead took a $20 million ransom from the Saudi Government (the hostages were in fact released). Where He Is Now The Jackal was arrested by the French in 1994, in Sudan where he was living. He was convicted for several murders in 1997 and as of 2017 is still in prison. Cross-Links Ramirez has expressed admiration for Osama bin Laden from prison, and more broadly for Revolutionary Islam, which is the title of a 2003 book he published from prison. In it, the jailed terrorist showed shades of his lifelong affiliation with leftist secular groups whose vision of conflict is shaped by class differences describing Islam as the sole transnational force capable of standing up the enslavement of nations.

whether or not the Brigade s essays

whether or not the Brigade s essays Violent films, such as the Brigade, have been blamed for causing crime rates to rise in our country: whether or not the Brigade should be taken off the air The crime rate in many cities is rising alarmingly. Some people have the idea that violent films, for example the Brigade, are the cause of real crime. However many others disagree that TV violence can be blamed for this rise. While both sides of the question of whether violent film the Brigade may or may not be to blame are supported by good reasons, personally, I am against the removal of violent films. Those who believe that violent TV films cause crime give many reasons. First, many viewers are children who have not formed a strong understanding of right and wrong. They often imitate what they see. If a person on TV gets what she or he wants by stealing it, a child may copy this behaviour. Thus, the child has learned unacceptable values. Second, many heroes in todays programs achieve their goals by violent means. For example, in the Brigade the main characters, Sasha Belyi, Kos, Fill, and Pchela, achieve their goals and become very rich by means of violence, illegality, and lawlessness which even comes to murder. Unfortunately, viewers might get used to this kind of life shown on TV and might use similar means to achieve their objectives, thus somehow resulting in an increase in crime rate. Finally, people get ideas about how to commit crimes from watching TV. For this reason heroes from violent films can sometimes set not a very good example. Other people, whom I also relate to, argue that violent films have no relation to the rise in crime rates. First, they claim that social factors, such as unemployment and homelessness, are to blame. Nowadays it is very difficult to lead productive life by means of having no job, no government support but having wife and children. It means that social press...

Mapping your Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mapping your Future - Essay Example Professionalism requires informed decision making. The individual needs to take responsibility for his/her actions and do his/her best to ensure optimal output remaining within the laws and regulations imposed by the state and the organization. Moreover, professionalism of an individual is also judged by his/her productivity, compliance with the deadlines, and the quality of work. Although most organizations in the contemporary age have a defined set of ethical and work-related rules, yet certain rules are expected to be understood by the employees without indication because they are the requirements of professionalism, and may not thus be necessarily included in the ethical codes. Such rules include but are not limited to no gossiping, dealing others with respect, dressing decently, and greeting the coworkers. One must follow these rules because they depict one’s behavior as well as one’s impression on others. In addition to that, following these rules is necessary in order to have a professional attitude and excel in the professional

Performence and reward answers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Performence and reward answers - Essay Example als include â€Å"high volunteer retention level†, the â€Å"where the company’s going† it could do that by defining appropriate processes, the â€Å"how the company’s going to get there†. These could include award ceremonies to recognize and reward good performers, or set policies on how to conduct appraisals of performance. Finally, the â€Å"Content Level†, or the â€Å"what† needed to achieve the goal, for these could simply include managing difficult behavior of the volunteers or setting their goals. This approach is followed by companies throughout the world, including Microsoft. In the review process, a rater or raters evaluate the performance of the employees. All employees are given goals and targets to achieve. These expected results are compared with the actual results and the individual employee is evaluated based on the targets he could achieve or perhaps, exceed. This performance appraisal is a good source of motivation for employees when salary increases, bonuses, etc. are tied with it. It builds up a sense of trust between the employees and the employers and encourages employees to work harder and more efficiently. (Bauer & Erdogan, 1969) However, it is also possible that the appraisal process backfires. If it is not done accurately and the right kind of work and employees are not appreciated, employees would be highly frustrated and de-motivated resulting in dissatisfaction, low morale, and high turnover rate. (Bauer & Erdogan, 1969) There are theories that relate to the needs that employees have and it is important for managers and organizations as whole to understand these needs and cater to them. The Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory talks about the five differnet levels of needs for individuals and how these needs act as motivators for them (Wagner). The five levels, starting from the bottom, are psychological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization. Once a level is achieved by an individual, those

Diagnosing Industrial Service of American, Inc Essay

Diagnosing Industrial Service of American, Inc - Essay Example The paper shall focus on Industrial service of American Inc. as our reference organization. The ultimate aim of this paper is to diagnose and determine whether the Industrial service of American inc. is performing according to the expectations. The paper shall consider the input and output organization. From the findings on how the inputs are organized, it would be easier to tell whether the overall performance of the company is high, medium, or low. The first section shall describe the kind of activities taking place in this company. Industrial Service of America, inc. is a company dealing with the recycling of the stainless steel, and non-ferrous products. The company also has a role of providing various services to the customers. However, according to the market analysis, the company is primarily focuses its attention towards recycling business (McLuhan, 2005). The kind of activities taking place in the company involves collecting, purchasing, and selling different recyclable meta llic equipments. The company has two categories of activities. The first category involves buying, processing and sale of stainless steel related equipments including the high-temperature alloys. The second category deals with the non-ferrous scraps such as copper, aluminum, and brass. As far as waste service segment is concerned, the company leases and sells service waste and recycling equipments (Nadler & Tushman, 1980). Inputs In order to diagnose the organization situation of the Industrial Service of American, inc. there is a need to review how the company organizes and integrates its inputs. The main inputs used in the company include the raw materials, the human resource, the capital and the management skills and knowledge employed. The main raw materials used by the company include the land, the scrap metals. As far as the scrap metal is concerned, the company has reliable sources of scrap metal. There are two main sources of these raw materials (Jones & Jennifer, 2006). The first source is the industrial and commercial non-ferrous scrap metal providers. This is where the company gets materials such as waste aluminum, copper, stainless steel, nickel-bering metals, brass, and others. The second main source of the raw materials is the peddlers who collect the material from variety of sources and deliver to the company. The company has inventory system that is used to monitor the quantities of the ferrous and non-ferrous raw materials that include the stainless steel, and the scrap. The inventory system is designed in a manner that the cost use to purchase the raw materials is relatively lower than the anticipated selling price (Jones & Jennifer, 2006). In this vein, if the company is anticipating for a future decline in the selling price of the scrap metal and the finished products, then it would make any adjustment it feels necessary in order to reduce the value of the inventory so tat it is in line with the anticipated value. The raw materials handled by the company are classified into two. The first category involves those that are in saleable condition at the time of acquisition. This means that little or no transformation would be imposed on these kinds of raw materials (Rue &Lloyd, 2003). The second category of raw materials constitutes those raw materials that

IT - Radio Frequency Identification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IT - Radio Frequency Identification - Essay Example This arises because of the simple reason that an wireless monitoring system is capable of checking the work that a person does or claims to have done in addition to even the personal chores that one might attend to. It is like any other personal monitoring system, like say a video-graphy station in a parking lot. There will of course, be occasions when the monitoring station infringes in to the privacy of the individual. The user of such devices has to exhibit caution and responsibility in addition to technical prowess. RFID comes under two basic technological models. One, we call the passive RFID tag and the other an active RFID tag. While the passive RFID tag has a pretty long life with no supporting batteries inside the tag, the active RFID tag has a battery inside it which makes the life of the tag relatively lesser though the power consumption of such tags are very small1. The corollary of such a limited life is that, the RFID tags cannot be embedded permanently inside any object or an animal body including man. If it has to be done, then it has to be a passive tag. The passive tags have another major limitation being that they cannot be read from a distance that is greater than two feet effectively. There are passive tags that are supposed to read even from greater distances but are not found effective. Technologically this limitation arises because of the fact that the RFID tag uses the induction technology of the radio frequency waves. There is always an RFID reader that is placed at strategic points. These readers emanate radiations all around and get triggered once it senses a response. These readers are generally directed and emit radiations only in one direction. In case of a passive tag, the waves sent out by the reader induces a current in the tag itself. This powers the operation of the tag and it passes to the reader a specific number or identification that forms the basis of communication between the two. However, in case of an active tag, the active tag receives the signal and is able to boost it and send it back to the reader. Since this has an internal source of power, the active tags can respond to even very feeble signals from the readers. This is the reason why while passive tags can be read out of a distance of one and half feet to two feet, that of the active tag is much more. And as we have seen earlier, the same reason also has a disadvantage that of life time limitation. RFID provides its users the facility of storage, retrieval, erase and rewriting of the data in the RFID tags from the remote reader. This makes the RFID immensely powerful and enables it to have details like the entire patient history in case of hospitals, payment histories in case of customers / vendors and production data in case you need to monitor the work in progress. Remote reading and writing of data into the RFID tags also make it the right kind of tool to monitor animals in a farm and assets or library books that are issued and returned or routed to some body else. All these are massive advantages for industries. However, these can also be misused by having and storing data that goes into the

The Positive Benefits and Negative Drawbacks of the Dawn of the Facebo Assignment

The Positive Benefits and Negative Drawbacks of the Dawn of the Facebook and Twitter Era - Assignment Example As such, this brief analysis will make a short inventory of but a few of the most relevant positive and negative attributes that these forms of social networking engender. There has doubtless been an overall decrease in actual inter-personal networking skills as people are more and more prone to spending massive amounts of time online; interfacing with virtual friends, playing mindless and time wasting games, reading trivial newsfeeds that detail in exhaustive form the mundane daily activities of multiple friends etc. In this way, rather than spending the evening going for a walk, eating at a cafà ©, or engaging in some form of physical activity, social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook have become the new and enhanced version of what the TV was to the generation before ours. Furthermore, the introduction of advanced mobile phone technology has greatly enhanced the ability of individuals to use these forms of social media sites at all times and in all places. Tangentially, sites such as Facebook and Twitter are closing individuals to many real-world experiences they might otherwise have if they would simply shut down the computer and step outside to interact with real people in the real world. One cannot count the number of people during lunch, while on the bus, in a metro, on vacation etc that have their eyes downcast on their mobile device while the entire world seems to pass them by. This, therefore, comes full circle from a mere time wasting issue to one of sheer and total addiction. There exist support groups and books as well as counsellors that work to help individuals with varying degrees of social networking addiction, dependence, and separation anxiety. The fact that groups that support people in letting go of their addiction in the same ways that AA (Alcoholics Anonymous) does are but part and parcel of the problem that is social networking.  Ã‚  

The Impact of Sporting Events on Stock Markets Essay

The Impact of Sporting Events on Stock Markets - Essay Example If however the overall mood in the country is elated it often reflects in investment decisions and in return in the stock markets. At the advent of any mega sporting contest there is an increase in economic activity in the host country. Months before the event actually start, stadiums are built or renovated, roads are paved, investment is made in horticulture and in general a lot of hustle and bustle takes place. This way the major beneficiaries include developers, building material, engineering and construction companies. Sportswear and sporting equipment vendors enjoy amplified sales. Weeks prior to the event, air fares shoot up, hotel occupancy rises, restaurants get more business and in some cases, even cell phone companies enjoy greater sales and when the event actually starts consumer companies in general gain. In addition to this, media related revenues pick up prior to such mega sporting events. Sponsorship rates, advertising charges all increase promoting the media industry as a whole. In the cricket crazy nations of the Indian Subcontinent 75% of the sports-related advertising revenues are generated through cricket events1. In major sporting contests like Olympics and Soccer world cup, awarding or winnng the contest can greatly affect national pride. In the Indian Subcontinent, a cricket match of the World Cup between arch rivals India and Pakistan, can tremendously effect the general public's mood. The matches seem more like mini wars. The entire country backs its national team and so it can alleviate the investor mood therefore when his team wins, his self-confidence rises and so does his willingness to undertake new investments, and a loss may results in lower self-confidence and a curb new investment activity. One of the major events in the sporting industry, Olympics, strongly effect economic activity in the host country. . If we go back in history and look at the past 11 Olympics, the local index of the host country has risen 25 percent on average in the 12 months before the Games year. Table 12 indicates stock market performance in the year prior to the games among the six most recent Olympics hosts1 Year Host Country Index Impact (%) 1984 USA S&P 17 1988 Korea Kospi 90 1992 Spain IBEX 33 1996 USA S&P 33 2000 Australia ASX 14 2004 Greece ASE 29 Research by Edmans (2006) indicates that losses in critical soccer matches, elimination from the World Cup tournament is linked with a next-day return on the national stock market index that is 38 basis points lower than average. Similar losses are also seen in other sports like cricket, rugby and basketball but the impact is minor in size. Research by Wann (1994) shows that if teams perform well, their fans show a strong positive reaction and a similar negative reaction when the reverse is the case. Such mood swings may effect the stock market index. The decision of where a major sporting tournament will take place also holds significance. In 2006, South African stocks nose dived when the world soccer governing body FIFA declared Germany as the hosts of the tournament. This was primarily because majority of the South Africans believed that their country would be awarded the honor of hosting the World Cup. The general gloom in the country was reflected in the stock market. Subsequently, stocks in the building and industrial sector, construction

IT - Radio Frequency Identification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IT - Radio Frequency Identification - Essay Example This arises because of the simple reason that an wireless monitoring system is capable of checking the work that a person does or claims to have done in addition to even the personal chores that one might attend to. It is like any other personal monitoring system, like say a video-graphy station in a parking lot. There will of course, be occasions when the monitoring station infringes in to the privacy of the individual. The user of such devices has to exhibit caution and responsibility in addition to technical prowess. RFID comes under two basic technological models. One, we call the passive RFID tag and the other an active RFID tag. While the passive RFID tag has a pretty long life with no supporting batteries inside the tag, the active RFID tag has a battery inside it which makes the life of the tag relatively lesser though the power consumption of such tags are very small1. The corollary of such a limited life is that, the RFID tags cannot be embedded permanently inside any object or an animal body including man. If it has to be done, then it has to be a passive tag. The passive tags have another major limitation being that they cannot be read from a distance that is greater than two feet effectively. There are passive tags that are supposed to read even from greater distances but are not found effective. Technologically this limitation arises because of the fact that the RFID tag uses the induction technology of the radio frequency waves. There is always an RFID reader that is placed at strategic points. These readers emanate radiations all around and get triggered once it senses a response. These readers are generally directed and emit radiations only in one direction. In case of a passive tag, the waves sent out by the reader induces a current in the tag itself. This powers the operation of the tag and it passes to the reader a specific number or identification that forms the basis of communication between the two. However, in case of an active tag, the active tag receives the signal and is able to boost it and send it back to the reader. Since this has an internal source of power, the active tags can respond to even very feeble signals from the readers. This is the reason why while passive tags can be read out of a distance of one and half feet to two feet, that of the active tag is much more. And as we have seen earlier, the same reason also has a disadvantage that of life time limitation. RFID provides its users the facility of storage, retrieval, erase and rewriting of the data in the RFID tags from the remote reader. This makes the RFID immensely powerful and enables it to have details like the entire patient history in case of hospitals, payment histories in case of customers / vendors and production data in case you need to monitor the work in progress. Remote reading and writing of data into the RFID tags also make it the right kind of tool to monitor animals in a farm and assets or library books that are issued and returned or routed to some body else. All these are massive advantages for industries. However, these can also be misused by having and storing data that goes into the

The Impact of Sporting Events on Stock Markets Essay

The Impact of Sporting Events on Stock Markets - Essay Example If however the overall mood in the country is elated it often reflects in investment decisions and in return in the stock markets. At the advent of any mega sporting contest there is an increase in economic activity in the host country. Months before the event actually start, stadiums are built or renovated, roads are paved, investment is made in horticulture and in general a lot of hustle and bustle takes place. This way the major beneficiaries include developers, building material, engineering and construction companies. Sportswear and sporting equipment vendors enjoy amplified sales. Weeks prior to the event, air fares shoot up, hotel occupancy rises, restaurants get more business and in some cases, even cell phone companies enjoy greater sales and when the event actually starts consumer companies in general gain. In addition to this, media related revenues pick up prior to such mega sporting events. Sponsorship rates, advertising charges all increase promoting the media industry as a whole. In the cricket crazy nations of the Indian Subcontinent 75% of the sports-related advertising revenues are generated through cricket events1. In major sporting contests like Olympics and Soccer world cup, awarding or winnng the contest can greatly affect national pride. In the Indian Subcontinent, a cricket match of the World Cup between arch rivals India and Pakistan, can tremendously effect the general public's mood. The matches seem more like mini wars. The entire country backs its national team and so it can alleviate the investor mood therefore when his team wins, his self-confidence rises and so does his willingness to undertake new investments, and a loss may results in lower self-confidence and a curb new investment activity. One of the major events in the sporting industry, Olympics, strongly effect economic activity in the host country. . If we go back in history and look at the past 11 Olympics, the local index of the host country has risen 25 percent on average in the 12 months before the Games year. Table 12 indicates stock market performance in the year prior to the games among the six most recent Olympics hosts1 Year Host Country Index Impact (%) 1984 USA S&P 17 1988 Korea Kospi 90 1992 Spain IBEX 33 1996 USA S&P 33 2000 Australia ASX 14 2004 Greece ASE 29 Research by Edmans (2006) indicates that losses in critical soccer matches, elimination from the World Cup tournament is linked with a next-day return on the national stock market index that is 38 basis points lower than average. Similar losses are also seen in other sports like cricket, rugby and basketball but the impact is minor in size. Research by Wann (1994) shows that if teams perform well, their fans show a strong positive reaction and a similar negative reaction when the reverse is the case. Such mood swings may effect the stock market index. The decision of where a major sporting tournament will take place also holds significance. In 2006, South African stocks nose dived when the world soccer governing body FIFA declared Germany as the hosts of the tournament. This was primarily because majority of the South Africans believed that their country would be awarded the honor of hosting the World Cup. The general gloom in the country was reflected in the stock market. Subsequently, stocks in the building and industrial sector, construction

Academic Honesty Essay Example for Free

Academic Honesty Essay Academic misconduct and dishonesty is prevalent in institutions of higher learning, especially with online students (Staats, Happ Hagley, 2008). The lack of academic honesty affects the integrity of the institutions, of degree programs, and the character of current and future students (Staats, Happ Hagley, 2008). Studies have shown that a student who strives to be academically honest completes work that is morally and ethically sound. They ensure that all of their work is their own or that they have given credit to the original source (Academic Ethics, 2014). Academically honest students exhibit characteristics such as empathy, courage, and honesty more often than do less honest students. The high prevalence of these characteristics is a good predictor of a lower occurrence of academic dishonesty (Staats, Happ Hagley, 2008). â€Å"Honesty and Heroes: A Positive Psychology View of Heroism and Academic Honest,† a study published in the Journal of Psychology in 2008, was performed to show how heroism is related to academic honesty in online students. The study showed that fifty percent of students involved in the study admitted to lacking academic honesty in their schoolwork (Staats, Happ Hagley, 2008). The first experiment involved 200 students from the Mid-west with an average age of 22. 3 years. Three measures were used to test potential academic honesty, including courage, honesty, and empathy. Results showed that these measures were inter-correlated and lead to the potential for cheating and other forms of academic dishonesty (Staats, Happ Hagley, 2008). The second experiment involved 69 undergraduates from the same Mid-western institution with an average age of 20. 03 years. Results showed that most students reported cheating on exams or lying in their own interest (Staats, Happ Hagley, 2008). The authors found that those students who decided not to cheat had a high degree of academic virtue which they defined as heroism (Staats, Happ Hagley, 2008). ACADEMIC HONESTY AND THE ONLINE STUDENT DOUET 3 Prior to reading this article, I hadn’t put together that empathy, courage, and honesty are some of the characteristics found in an academically honest student. I was surprised about the amount of people who admit to academic dishonesty. Scriptures tell us in Proverbs 12:22 that â€Å"lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are his delight. † In order to please the Lord a student needs to work with integrity throughout their degree program and ensure that all of their work is theirs or is supported by those to whom the work is originally credited. I will apply the characteristics of heroism such as courage, empathy, and honesty in all of my coursework. I will ensure that all of the work that I submit will be my own and if I borrow any ideas from others, I will credit them for the work. The amount of academic dishonesty involved with college students is astounding, and needs to be corrected using the Christian worldview which states that we should live and work with integrity. In Proverbs 10:9, Jesus tells us that â€Å"whoever walks in integrity walks securely, but he who makes his ways crooked will be found out. † The more concern students have for others, and the more noble-minded students and more morally sound they are, the less likely they are to cheat. By encouraging those virtues in the student body, the university will garner a higher degree of respect for the institution and degree programs that they offer. In conclusion, as we hear in Hebrews 13:18, â€Å"Pray for us, for we are sure that we have a clear conscience, desiring to act honorably in all things. † ACADEMIC HONESTY AND THE ONLINE STUDENT DOUET 4. References Academic Ethics. (2014, January 1). . Retrieved June 12, 2014, from https://www. liberty. edu/index. cfm? PID=24212this_session_key=86vE59559nh834YHx1u4OX993N94898H2t72B1ZmG8 3kfullnameErrorCode=ns=falsewebsite=year=2014term=30returnCASTicket =TGT-132907-BkExOI1gz9ZiSKCCxCaTCAaNIMyYs9JQJWGlo9lm3fmviRTkgX-cas2 prod. liberty. eduCFID=249618158CFTOKEN=24951222 Moscetelli, R. G. (2005). The Quote Manuel: Wisdom and Wit of the Ages. : Author House. Staats, S. , Happ, J. M. , Hagley, A. M. (2008). Honesty and Heroes: A Positive Psychology View of Heroism and Academic Honesty. The Journal of Psychology, 142, 357-72.

Advent Of The Printing Press

Advent Of The Printing Press The printing revolution and advent of the printing press is an event against which there is no other even approaching in importance in the history of mankind. Nowadays, even in the electronic age, it is hard to imagine a world without the printed word. However what the printing revolution and classic cases of revolution, such as Russia (1917) and France (1789), have in common is not as clear cut as the scale of its impact. This essay will seek to evaluate the revolutionary qualities of the printing revolution in the context of the Reformation and the rise of modern science. It will begin with a brief introduction to the features of the printing revolution. Following this will be a discussion based around the extant literature on the word revolution from which an adequate set of criteria will be derived. These criteria will subsequently be used as the benchmark against which the revolutionary characteristics of the printing revolution will be measured using the evidence presented. By taking a retrospective look at two major events in the aftermath of the printing revolution I hope to be able to determine the viability of calling the printing revolution a revolution with a degree of certainty. Subsequently I will consider the impact the printing revolution had on other revolutions, and whether it was a pre-requisite for revolutions in the future. The paper will close with an assessment of which of the features of revolution apply most to the printing revolution, followed by a brief discussion of criticisms of the concept as proposed by Eisenstein. The late fifteenth century in Europe saw a dramatic shift in the way texts were reproduced. Before the invention of the printing press there was a reliance on handwritten manuscript reproduction, a slow and incredibly time-consuming process. Man (2002) provides some idea of the times involved when he states that one 1,272 page document took two scribes five years to copy.  [2]  Like any human, a scribe was also susceptible to error and because texts were copied this meant that an errors were copied again and again. Gutenbergs invention of the printing press around 1440 would mark a turning point in the history of human civilisation. Although printing had existed before with wood-blocks, it was the ability to edit and correct a text in every copy which made Gutenbergs invention so important.  [3]  He also made it possible for a large number of uniform copies to be produced. The spread of this technology from Mainz to all corners of the continent came quickly and was motivated by profit, as rather than any attempt to spread culture widely. Printing presses were established in quick succession in Cologne (1464), Basel (1466), Rome (1467), Venice (1469), London (1480) and Stockholm (1483), the centres of international trade at the time.  [4]  Gutenberg laid the foundations of modern publicity..which is dependent on the identical mass-production of free combinable letter-units in almost infinite variety of composition.  [5]  The importance of his invention to human civilisation is unquestionable and it has had one of the longest lasting legacies of any. What remains up for debate, however, are the revolutionary qualities of the printing revolution. Any discussion of how revolutionary an event was requires a suitable definition of the word revolution. Constructing a definition is, however, a difficult task as the number of attempts at doing so shows; there is little consensus as to what revolution actually means. Despite this lack of agreement certain words are predominant in definitions, such as violent, brief and success.  [6]  A thorough debate over differing definitions is out of the scope of this essay, although a brief mention of some ideas is important to shape an answer to the question. Eisenstein highlights the issues around the use of the word revolution in the context of printing, and argues that there are actually two different uses of the word as an overarching concept. The first of these is what is broadly what will be discussed in this essay and what most historians use the term for; that is, a significant break from a long-standing condition. The second is a prolonged, irreversible, cumulative process with ef fects that become ever more pronounced the longer it goes on.  [7]  She cites the Industrial Revolution as an example of this more drawn-out sense of revolution. Both the conventional and the secondary definitions have their criteria fulfilled with the printing revolution. In the first instance, the speed of the change shows the revolutionary nature of the printing revolution. It wasnt so much that a new innovative machine was conceived in Mainz that is important; it is that it began to be used in so many places in a short space of time. By the 1490s each of the major states had one important publishing centre and some had several notes Hay. Correspondingly, Man says that by 1480, 122 towns in Western Europe had printing presses.  [8]  The speed and breadth of the spread of the technology, and specifically the replacement of hand-copying with printing as the chief mode of book reproduction, is enough for Eisenstein to consider the printing revolution a revolution in the sens e of the word that most historians use. The justification for the printing revolution being typical of the second use of the word is based on its longevity. The output of 500 years of printing along with millennia of hand-writing, and the expansion of knowledge, show the irreversibility and length of the process. Indeed, it is a process which has not yet reached an end. This raises another important point; can it be a revolution if the process has an unquantifiable end? It is safe to assume that the majority of people, when asked to define revolution, would include a notion of violence. Images of mass beheadings in France and street battles in Russia no doubt contribute to this. Friedrich (1966) defines revolution as the sudden and violent overthrow of an established political order.  [9]  This applies neatly to the classic cases but not so to the printing revolution, where the affected party was not a political entity but writing by hand. Similarly, although more extreme, Arendt (1965) states that war and revolution are related, going so far as to say revolutionsare not even conceivable outside the domain of violence.  [10]  Both these definitions and the use of the word violence are insufficient in trying to explain a non-political, technological revolution. Preferable would be to take the idea of violence and use the implicit idea of destruction,  [11]  such as the definition proposed by Trimberger (1978) where a takeover destroys the economic and political power of the dominant social group of the old regime. This also shows that a revolution has an element of replacement; a revolution is not just seeking to overthrow and destroy what is already there, it also substitutes old for new. The speed and depth of change caused by a revolution is also a recurring theme in definitions. Neumann (1949) defines revolution as a sweeping, fundamental changeindicating a major break in the continuity of development.  [12]  He also makes a significant distinction between revolution and evolution, where the former is such a radical separation and the latter is a persistent transformation within the existing institutional framework; the parallels with Eisenstein are clear. Revolutions can be seen as only accelerating and crystallising the evolutionary process. Similarly, Johari (1987) sees revolution as essentially meaning a sudden, fundamental and major transformation. Kroeber (1996) defines revolution as all demands, suggestions and attempts at radical change.  [13]  Once the revolutionary processes have begun parts of culture and society and different relationships between people may be fashioned anew. Revolutions signify drastic and fundamental change. The use of the wo rd radical also implies an element of speed to events. It is this velocity of change which separates revolution from other ideas of change such as reform and revolt.  [14]   The final overriding feature of definitions of revolution is that the process must be successful, and this success is where a movement overturns a regime.  [15]  All the definitions considered above imply that the revolution does end with the goals of the movement attained. This fact is evident through the historiography of rebellions and revolution; it is not chance that has named the failed uprising in Ireland in 1798 the Irish Rebellion but the action in the thirteen British colonies of America the American Revolution. For the printing revolution to be considered successful it will have to remain an established and useful medium of communication. The definition I will use in this essay will be a blend of the previously proposed definitions that have been discussed. Although most are designed to refer to political and social change they do have elements which can be transferred to non-political events. For the printing revolution to be called a revolution or revolutionary it must destroy and replace what was previously the norm, contain some sense of radical change and upheaval over a short space of time and prove useful and successful. These are the criteria against which the revolutionary properties of the printing revolution will be measured in the rest of this essay. The Reformation was one of the defining events of the early modern period in Europe. The role of the printing press is a hallmark of the process by which the old Catholic Church became ever more rejected and the Protestant Church was founded. Indeed it seems difficult to exaggerate the significance of the Press, without which a revolution of this magnitude could scarcely have been consummated.  [16]  A detailed enough discussion to do justice to the impact of the book on the Reformation is out of the scope of this essay; instead it will focus on Germany, the birthplace of the movement. The importance of the printing press for religious reform cannot be underestimated, as all of the attempts at reform prior to the invention and diffusion of the printing press were rather easily suppressed by the Church.  [17]  The most famous example of such attempts is that of Jan Hus in the early fifteenth century. After his martyrdom in 1415 a series of wars broke out and the Hussites formed a rival church in Bohemia, but their sphere of influence never really extended beyond this small area as they had no way to transport their ideas.  [18]  Away from the Continent in England there is a dissimilar story though. The Lollard movement had been avid readers and writers, and had sealed the relationship between heresy and books in the early fifteenth century before Gutenberg. Over 230 manuscripts of the Lollard Bible survive and evidence suggests large quantities of ephemera were also produced.  [19]  However, the ultimate failure of the movement suggests that this was not enough. Rubins argument that highly centralised institutions are able to easily suppress small revolts that are not able to spread due to a lack of information technology seems to be accurate. The printing press did destroy the use of manuscript in revolts as it was not able to be widely reproduced and distributed. The Reformation was the first movement to make full use of the printing press technology and it is no coincidence that it was the most successful of the period. The Reformation also saw a massive break from past ways of campaigns for change. For the first time in history a mass propaganda campaign could be carried out, and it was used to its full extent.  [20]  The Reformers saw how it made rapid dissemination of materials possible, and for this reason Luther saw the printing press as a gift from God who wanted to drive forward the cause of true religion to the ends of the earth and to make it available in all languages.  [21]  Luthers Theses against clerical abuses, which sparked the Reformation, had been seen in every part of Germany within 15 days of him posting them to the chapel door in Wittenberg.  [22]  The ability to spread information and ideas quickly was crucial to the Reformation. Once Luther had nailed his Theses to the door by a stroke of magic he found himself addressing the whole world and as such the start of the Protestant Revolt can be directly attributed to this act.  [23]  The speed at which pamphlets by Luther could be printed and sold was phenomenal; four thousand copies of An den Christlichen Adel deutscher Nation von des Christlichen Standes Besserung were sold in 5 days, and in total there were seventeen different editions of the work.  [24]  Similarly the pamphlet Von der Freiheit eines Christenmenschen underwent 18 editions in a single year.  [25]  The course of distribution of literature shows the revolutionary qualities of the printing revolution. Whereas previously the dissemination of new ideas would have been through word of mouth or by copying, the use of the printing press meant that the same material and thoughts could be spread uniformly and quickly during the Reformation. The sheer speed and volume of materials and the way they were used signified a radical change from what had gone before. The Reformation was the first real example of the power of printing and was the first propaganda campaign conducted through the medium of the press.  [26]   The usefulness and successfulness of printing in the Reformation is clearly demonstrated by the vast amount of editions of writings published. Rubins empirical study of the spread of the Reformation and the importance of pamphlets to it shows that cities which produced pamphlets were more likely to be Protestant than Catholic throughout the sixteenth century, although the effect did diminish over time.  [27]  Despite the obvious success of the printing press described, Luther and his contemporaries held reservations about the number of books being published. Hauser invites us to consider what might have been if, for example, the printing press had have been around for the Hussite Wars in the early 15th century.  [28]  Such counterfactual, what if questions are interesting but would place too much emphasis on the role of printing. It would be going too far to say that the Reformation was the child of the printing revolution; this ridiculous thesis is indeed just that.  [29]à ‚  It was not books, publishers and propagandists who caused the Reformation. Religion had become more and more of an issue in the preceding years, and was now at the forefront of peoples minds. Luthers grievances were quickly echoed by both laymen and clerics, which according to Rubin indicates there were deep-rooted anti-Papal sentiments before Luther.  [30]  Printing was simply the medium of exchange through which people learnt about these new ideas, it was not the new idea in itself. There is no question that the Reformation would not have had the success it did without the ability to disseminate information quickly and widely. Having considered the three key elements of a revolution discussed previously, it is clear that in the context of the Reformation the printing revolution can be justifiably called as such. The use of printing presses to create and widely distribute material marked a radical break from the previous ways to spread ideas. Both the speed and volume of production of books and pamphlets were on a scale unlike anything seen before and would certainly have been impossible without mechanised printing. The printing revolution and its impact upon the Reformation show its success; there is little doubt that without it the Reformation would have taken a different course. However, as Postman points out, it is questionable as to whether the Catholic Church would have fallen had the printing press been used exclusively for the reproduction of pictures, as is conceivable.  [31]  It was the use of the printed word which was the crucial factor in the Reformation, not simply the invention of the pri nting press itself. The Scientific Revolution changed the way humanity saw and studied the world around it forever. Until the early modern period scientific observers, for they were only that, simply read doctrine which had been published previously and took that as truth. The Renaissance changed this and more people began to ask scientific questions, and the use of printing served to galvanise the scientific community. It was in this time that the three cornerstones of classical intellect, Ptolemaic astronomy, Galenic anatomy and Aristotelian physics, met their downfall and were replaced by the science of Copernicus and Newton. The advent of printing allowed for faster copying of works compared to manuscript, of that there is no question. However it was not simply a case of one replacing the other; a lot of works remained in manuscript form for a large amount of time once printing technology had been developed. Mathematical works frequently were released in print yet the Triparty by Nicolas Chuquet, the most original work on algebra and arithmetic from the latter half of the 15th century, remained in manuscript.  [32]  Similary, De triangulis by Regiomontanus was not printed until 1533, nearly 60 years after his death.  [33]  The printing revolution did not have as great an impact on the production of manuscripts as might be thought. Given this, the printing revolution may not have been as revolutionary in science as the Reformation. Although there were a lot of works published in print it did not totally take the place of manuscript and as such cannot be considered truly revolutionary event. The printing revolution created a huge contrast between the medieval and early modern periods. A noteworthy example of this is raised by Eisenstein in the development of astronomy around the time of Copernicus. As a young student in the 1480s Copernicus would have struggled to get a single copy of Ptolemys Almagest, which at the time was the authoritative work on the cosmos. By the time he died in 1543 three different editions were available.  [34]  In a similar vein, in 1499 Aldus published a collection of the works of the ancient astronomers in five folios in Latin and Greek.  [35]  Publication of classical works made them accessible to a lot more students and scholars than previously. In turn, this meant that they could be analysed, scrutinised and updated. The same is true of journals and new discoveries; it was because of the printing press that the idea of peer review and experiment duplication became familiar. The spread of knowledge went beyond just books and journals , however. The invention of the telescope also shows the impact that printing had. Although the object was invented in the Netherlands with a patent granted in October 1608, Galileo in Italy had heard of it by November of the same year.  [36]  News of it was also widespread in other parts of the continent.  [37]  The publication of a French newsletter, The Embassy of the King of Siam Sent to His Excellency Maurice of Nassau, in the same month detailing the invention meant that the news was able to travel uniformly and quickly to other intellectuals in Germany, France and Italy. The next year telescopes were on sale in Paris.  [38]  The spread of knowledge, both academic and practical, shows the revolutionary qualities of the printing press. The success of the printing press in the context of the Scientific Revolution is clear. The ability to spread ideas and information widely and quickly allowed for an acceleration of scientific discovery and progress unlike anything that had been seen before. A study of Copernicuss De revolutionibus proves this point.  [39]  It is shown that a first edition in 1543 consisted of around 450 copies with a similar run in 1566, and that it got into the hands of the majority of astronomy professors in the sixteenth century, as well as into major libraries.  [40]  More interestingly, there are people from all walks of life who owned a copy; an architect, a musical theoretician and a financier are mentioned. Whereas previously the domain of science was amongst academics, now people had freer access to materials from which they could study. The acceleration of scientific discovery after the invention of the printing press also shows the success of printing. According to Ferguson, 38% o f the worlds most important scientific breakthroughs occurred between the Reformation and the French Revolution, including the heliocentric model of the Solar System and Galileos tests on gravity.  [41]  Scientific knowledge was spreading faster than it ever had, and a community of intellectual peers developed. The breadth and depth of distribution and development of knowledge would not have been possible without the printing press. However, in terms of what we nowadays called science, the printing revolution had only a limited amount of success. Although the printing press allowed books to be accessible to wider areas of the public, most people remained interested in softer subjects. This stimulated the development of a mass market for summaries, medical remedies, prognostications and astrological tables written in the vernacular.  [42]  There is no question that the printing press increased the volume of works being published. What is problematic is that the majority of works were of no lasting scientific interest.  [43]  The effect this had was to dilute the amount of quality material available and keep what we would call scientific and what was then considered scientific the same. The printing revolution was successful in that it made the dissemination of scientific information more widespread but the practises of the booksellers stunted this success. Their primary goal was to make money, and would p ublish what would sell; some have even gone as far as to say the printing revolution a negative role in the Scientific Revolution as the printing of outdated, medieval texts which sold may have delayed the acceptance of new ideas such as Copernicus.  [44]  By making conventional authoritative works widely available printingcould even have said to have represented an obstacle to the acceptance of new ideas.  [45]  Rather than progressing knowledge it popularised long cherished beliefs, strengthened prejudices and gave authority to seductive fallacies.  [46]  The main point remains though, that there was an increase in the volume of works published. Not only was the printing revolution revolutionary in its own right, the printed word became a vital part of revolutions throughout history. The French Revolution of 1789 is widely accepted as one of the classic cases of revolution and makes for a good example of the influence of print on revolutionary movements. Darnton argues that the printing press was crucial at every stage of the process, and without it the widespread restructuring of French life could not have not taken place. Without the press, they can conquer the Bastille but they cannot overthrow the Old Regime he says, and this is the key point.  [47]  The battle to change the minds of an entire nation could not be won without the spreading of books, almanacs, posters and anything else that would carry an impression. The same is also true of the non-classical cases of revolution, such as the Russian Revolution of 1905. In a similar vein to Darnton, Ruud argues that without the communications infrastructurein place in 1 905, the millions of copies of revolutionary books, periodicals, brochures and proclamations could never had made so compelling a political statement to the government.  [48]  The Russian example also shows the fear that incumbent regimes have of the power of print. The government continued to deploy censorship into the 20th century and in the same year as the uprising decided against reform of censorship.  [49]  Furthermore, it shows consciousness as to the power of print. Alexander Herzen, writing in 1861, formulated a new idea as to how to use print in a revolution; make the organisation produce a regular publication and make it central to the way they operate.  [50]  Lenin also realised the importance of the distribution of party publications as ideal for local agitation in What Is To Be Done?, his seminal 1902 pamphlet. Print allowed the spread of new and avant-garde ideas quickly and to a wide audience. That is not to say that revolutions happened because of printi ng; it is to say that printing sped up both the path to revolution and the revolution itself. The printing press did not create the underlying issues but it did create consciousness and awareness of these issues amongst a wider group than would otherwise have been possible. In the classical sense of the word, the printing revolution was not revolutionary. Neumann notes that the meaning of the word revolution has changed.  [51]  Whereas in the 19th century it almost exclusively applied to political change, it has become far more wide-reaching as an adjective. Nowadays it is transferable and applicable to other fields of study with an appropriate qualifying adjective such as industrial, managerial, colonial, cultural, scientific, technological etc.  [52]  Johari concludes his discussion of the nature of revolution by saying that a revolution seldom fulfils definitions of the word completely so it is not alone in that respect.  [53]  However given the criteria proposed in this paper, it is clear that the printing revolution does have revolutionary aspects. In the context of both the Reformation and the Scientific Revolution it has been shown that the printing revolution was indeed revolutionary. The printing press changed the way that religious reforms and movements happened in that although there were already manuscripts being produced, as shown by the Lollards, it was the ease of production and distribution which made the difference. The Reformation was the first event to make full employment of the propaganda potential of the printing press, and the spreading of Luthers Theses in such a short space of time across such a large area undoubtedly played a large part in the ultimate success of the movement. This also underlines the succes

Dependent Personality Disorder Essay -- essays research papers

A Psychological Aspect of Susan Smith: Dependent Personality Disorder   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On October 25, 1994, Susan Smith drowned her two sons, Michael and Alex, in the John D. Long Lake in Union County, South Carolina. For nine days she lied about knowing where the boys were. On November 3, she confessed to the killings and would soon go to trial. Susan’s defense team hired a psychiatrist to conduct a psychiatric evaluation of her. She was diagnosed as having dependent personality disorder. He described her as a person who â€Å"feels she can’t do anything on her own†. â€Å"She constantly needs affection and becomes terrified that she’ll be left alone† She was only depressed when she was alone. The psychiatrist studied her family history and concluded that based on her family history and his interviews with her, Susan had a tendency toward depression that began in her childhood. Susan’s attorney argued that his client was psychologically destabilized by a lifetime of betrayal. A father who killed himself when she was just six, a stepfather who sexually molested her as a child, a husband who cheated on her and a boyfriend who toyed with her affections (Pergament).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Her boyfriend testified that â€Å"the pleasure she got from sex was not physical pleasure, it was just in being close and being loved†. The psychiatrist testified that Susan had sex with four different men during the six-week period leading up to the murders and she had begun to drink heavily during this time (Pergament). Alcoholism is a component of dependent personality disorder.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After only four days of testimony, the defense rested its case. Susan was charged with two counts of murder and sentenced to life in prison with the chance of parole in 30 years, the year 2025.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dependent personality disorder is an inability to function without significant reliance on a forceful or dominant person providing direction. Individuals diagnosed with dependent personality disorder are usually quiet, and needy for attention, valuation, and social contact. Lack of self-confidence and relying on others are typical. Threatened with solitude or separation, a dependent disorder person may panic  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  with feelings of profound helplessness (Gillihan). The person may be convinced that he/she is incapable... ...ost effective in treatment (Gillihan).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, The National Mental Health Association suggests that: There are many types of help available for different personality disorders. Treatment may include individual, group, or family psychotherapy. Medications prescribed by the patient’s physician may also be helpful in relieving some of the symptoms of personality disorders including problems with anxiety and depression. References American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV. (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author Bornstein, Robert F. (1993). The Dependent Personality. New York: Guilford Press Gillihan, Lori. (n.d). Dependent Personality Disorder. Retrieved March 1, 2002, from http://cstl-coe.semo.edu National Mental Health Association. (n.d.). Personality Disorders. Retrieved from http://www.nmha.org Pergament, Rachel. (n.d.). Susan Smith: Child Murderer or Victim? Retrieved March 1, 2002 from http://www.crimelibrary.com Rey, Joseph M. (1996) Antecedents of Personality Disorders in Young Adults. Psychiatric Times, 13 (2). Retrieved March 1, 2002, from http://www.mhsource.com

Fashion Letter (informal) :: essays research papers

What is fashion? Is it the way you walk? The way you style your hair? Your attitude? One of the most common things I think of when I think of fashion is clothing. I think the media has somehow imbedded this in my mind! I thought that it would help me if I looked up what fashion is in the dictionary for this letter. It said that fashion is â€Å"The mode of dress, manners, living.†. That’s a lot broader than what I thought!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When I first wanted to go to Banting, my older sister, Claire, said that some of the students there were very shallow and that they judge you by what brand name clothing you are wearing, but I disagree. Banting has a wide variety of clothes and fashions and although brand name fashions are one small category, it certainly isn’t the dress code for Banting AT ALL. Many senior girls, I noticed, like the look of black eye make up. Not the whole Goth look, but there are a few Goths at Banting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Juniors are different. I find that the girls have pretty simple fashion, but the boys tend to wear baggy clothes. That is totally understandable since they are very confortable and they do make the boys look bulkier. I also think it is just an image of looking tough they are trying to create as well through big clothes, which goes way back. It is obvious that some of the girls also like this idea of clothing as well. I wear some baggy pants sometimes and I have seen lots of junior and senior girls do it too.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another type of clothing I tend to see everywhere is clothing with logos on them. There are so many of them that I can’t remember most of them. Why does everyone where this clothing, and why do stores want you to wear this clothing? The only reason why students wear this clothing is probably because they like it, but stores really want you to wear their clothing as well so that the logos can them to advertise their stores. My mother told me at one point when she was a child that stores used to give away these shirts as an attempt to do this as well, and that is where the original idea came from.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I really like the fashion at Banting, not just because of the clothes, but because there is no peer pressure behind it.

Classroom Behavior Essay

Each different classroom has different rules and behavior settings in their classrooms. The atmosphere of the classroom has a lot to do with student behavior. The setting of the classroom should be appealing to the teacher and in some cases the students. All teachers should let students know specific do’s and don’ts of the classroom. Which behaviors are expected or desired and which will not be tolerated in the class, Ms. Colombara? s rules are fair and respectful to the class. They insist of no food and drinks in the classroom but sometimes the teacher bends the rules and lets students quickly munch down an orange or a small granola bar. During the classroom break stay in the class and under no circumstances leave the classroom without your student handbook with you. Absolutely no uses of swear words in the classroom but some are used when the class is doing readings from novels. Treat any teachers on call the same respect, as you would treat a regular staff at Sullivan Heights Secondary. One of the rules Ms. Colombara likes to knag at kids is to not to eat or drink in the classroom. Nobody blames her because there could be some spills or crumbs on the ground and no teacher likes to go as a janitor at the end of the class and pick up junk left by the students in the classroom. The teacher also doesn? t like gum or any type of candy because sometime kids leave the gum underneath the desk and that is horrific and gross. Also some students like to put the gum on the ground and when a fellow student walks with over it, it sticks underneath their shoe and it? s a pain to clean up. She will only allow water only if it? s in a sealed bottle like a water bottle or a Gatorade ® bottle, something that has a lid on it so if it does get bumped off the desk nothing will spill. Another rule Ms. Colombara has that no foul language or any other inappropriate behavior in the classroom. No foul language should be used against another member of the class. If students do this they will earn them automatic participation in ? Friday? s after school writing challenge session as well.? If the usage of foul language is very harsh and disturbing the student could be sent to the office with a referral and a call home to the parents. Also teach T. O. C. with the same respect you would too any other teacher. It? s not fair for a T. O. C to come to a school and being harassed or taken advantage by the students. During the weekly double block in Sullivan Heights Secondary, there is a short ten-minute break that the teacher allows students to get a breath of fresh air or just stretch and walk around. While the ten-minute break is in process, students are than usually allowed to go to the restroom and go for a drink if needed. At no times during the break and regular time is a student permitted to leave the class without signing the student handbook by the teacher. No student is able to wander the school premises. If a student decides to leave when the have a T. O. C. than the student will be punished and have to write a 500 word essay on Appropriate Classroom Behaviors. If the student keeps on leaving class without handbook there could be a possibility of losing his/her break period. In conclusion, Ms. Colombara? s rules are fair and are perfect for the classroom. She allows no food or drinks in the classroom. Respect fellow classmates, the teacher, and yourself by listening to any body that? s speaking at the time. Make sure that you never ever take advantage of T. O. C. or any teachers at the school. Ms. Colombara? s rules are great and if you don? t obey them you will be dealt with serious consequences.

Does Modern Technology Make Life More Convenient, or Was Life Better When Technology Was Simpler?

Does modern technology make life more convenient, or was life better when technology was simpler? As a matter of fact, nowadays, technology plays an important role in people's life, to extent they cannot imagine their lives without role of technology, simply, because they live in the speed time. I mention bellow how technology makes life more convenient. First and foremost, today's generation is not like old generation. For instance, in the past people did face many difficulties when they perform their duties, especially when they clean their clothes, whereas, today everybody cleans her or his clothes by washing-machine which makes their life more comfortable. moreover, it protects their hands from chemical elements which is in the soap of washing clothes, so, washing-machine is so important and required. Secondly, students are the most people who need technology in their life, especially the Internet, today’s students are more open for the world rather than before, for instance, in the past students just used the books to do their search because their subjects were easy, simple and short, whereas, nowadays students are more development, advance and independence. Therefore, they need something which helps them to perform their search such as Computer with Internet because their searches are wide and include many information which cannot find them easily from books, thus, they use internet to find these information. In this way, they overcome the difficulties which students were face them before. In conclusion, I believe that technology makes our modern life more convenient, although, there are advantages and disadvantages of the effect of the technology on ourselves but the advantages are more than disadvantages, especially, when we back to home in the summer, we need something cold to during from the refrigerator or cold weather from the AC. there is not argument the life before was simple and quite but there was difficulties in performing the duties.

Financial Markets and Instruments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial Markets and Instruments - Essay Example ovides a liquid secondary market for illiquid assets like home mortgages and financial debt instruments, increases credit availability and offers low credit costs through low financing costs. Regulation has also played a role in the resurgence of securitization. With regulations that require stronger capital and liquidity positions for financial companies in the US, the consumer has been protected from the malpractices of investment bankers (Gaschler, 668). These regulations have led to consumer confidence and in turn led to the resurgence of securitization. Credit enhancement is a strategy used by companies to either improve the terms of their outstanding debt or credit worthiness, or both. Through credit enhancement, the credit worthiness of a borrower is increased while the lender is given reassurance that there will be no default. Investment banks have made use of both internal and external credit enhancement strategies to boost securitization (Powell and Rogers, 77). External credit enhancement can be done through letter of credit, wrapped securities, cash collateral account and surety bonds while internal credit rating can be done through excess spread, over collateralization, reserve account and credit